Fire Damaged Indoor Air Quality

During a fire damage heat, smoke, and the depletion of oxygen interact, exerting themselves as serious hazards. Smoke alone consist of particles (such as soot), gases (such as carbon monoxide), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of a variety of complexities, aerosols, and free radicals that can have an effect on the building and occupants' health long after the fire is extinguished.

Something else to consider is water and its contributing affect on poor indoor environmental quality during fire damage. Water is a product of combustion. During a fire water droplets can serve as a vehicle of transport for absorbed acids, such as hydrochloric acid, making it a contributor toward smoke-inhalation injuries. Additionally, residual moisture, left behind during the fire-extinguishing processes, can contribute toward the development of microbes, such as mold and bacteria, when not processed quickly and adequately enough.

So, as you can see the pollutants found in fire and smoke damage can be numerous, and can come in any chemical state (solid, liquid, gas, or vapor), including but not necessarily limited to:
• "Particulate Matter (PM)"
• gases
• humidity
• "Bioaerosols"

"Particulate Matter (PM)" is a term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Some of these PM are large or dark enough to be seen, like the soot and smoke concentrations you see settled onto your furniture and building components, while other PM are so small they can be detected only with an electron microscope. PM can be organic (carbon based matter like baseboards and door and window components) or inorganic (such as fiberglass and asbestos).

Some of the gases associated with fire and smoke damage are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfuric oxides, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Many of these gases can be colorless and odorless; thereby, unnoticed during the fire and smoke damage, its cleaning, or reoccupation.

"Bioaerosols" is a term used to describe airborne PM that are living or originate from living organisms including microbes, fragments, toxins, and particulate waste products. Bioaerosols are very small and range from one micrometer (0.00004") to one hundred micrometers (0.004"). Bioaerosols are easily manipulated, transported by air currents, insects and moisture.

Health consequences vary with the size, mass, concentration and other contaminants which interact with one another. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has found that respirable particles at concentrations of 250 to 350 micrograms per meter increase respiratory symptoms in compromised individuals. What this means for you is that when faced with a fire damage it is important to make sure qualified people are contacted to identify and remedy any potential pollution hazards in your home or office.

"Where can you find a qualified fire-damage restoration technician to clean and repair your home?" I'm only familiar with one organization that trains, evaluates, and certifies cleaning and restoration technicians in this area. While there may be more, the Institute of Inspection, Cleaning, and Restoration Certification is the one I am familiar with. For inspection most especially concerning the indoor air quality look for a Council-certified Indoor Environmental Consultant or Council-certified Indoor Environmentalist either at the Indoor Air Quality Association's website or the American Indoor Air Quality Council's website.

As with any damaged environment understanding the condition of that environment is key to providing for the health and safety of occupants as well as restoring the structure to its safe and sound structural integrity and normal ecology. Sometimes the damage goes beyond what you can see. Sometimes cleaning isn't enough. In those cases or in cases where you and/or your doctor suspect a pollutant that may be triggering symptoms in you or another occupant, contacting a Council-certified Indoor Environmental Consultant (CIEC) can help you and your doctor make decisions on treatment based on our inspection, testing, and analytical report. Most can also help write a scope of work that will reduce and/or eliminate the pollutant(s). The Indoor Air Quality Association and the American Indoor Air Quality Council have a list of Council-certified Professionals on their websites for your reference.

For additional resource material on understanding hazards associated with fire and smoke damage we would like to recommend this book, "Fire and Smoke: Understanding the Hazards". There you will find more specific information on some of the pollutants discussed on this page.

The American Red Cross has a good resource as well: "PICKING UP THE PIECES AFTER A FIRE".

The founder of SOLUTIONS Indoor Environmental Consulting, Jason Yost, has been in the cleaning, restoration, remediation, and indoor air quality industries for over sixteen years, doing everything from carpet cleaning, installation and repairs; water and fire damage inspection, consultation, and restoration; microbial inspection, consultation, and remediation; crime scene remediation and restoration; as well as been an educator to private and public groups through various business network groups, classrooms, seminars, and news programs.

Jason currently holds four of the most prestigious board-awards in the industry, awarded by the American Indoor Air Quality Council:

Council-certified Indoor Environmental Consultant

Council-certified Indoor Environmentalist

Council-certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor

Council-certified Microbial Remediator

Additionally, Jason holds a certification as a Water-damage Restoration Technician from the Institute of Inspection, Cleaning and Restoration Certification (IICRC).

Jason volunteers his time as a member of the American Indoor Air Quality Council's certification board, and is an Individual Member of the Indoor Air Quality Association. For more information you can review Jason's IAQA PRO.FILE at http://www.iaqa.org/profile.asp?id=223 or visit his website at http://www.SolutionsIEC.com

Insulation Damage
Small Crack In Floor Slab

Installing Molding For Interior Doors

When installing door trim, some carpenters begin with the legs(vertical pieces); Others prefer to hang the top trim first. Installing the top first has the advantage of offering precise control over the most finicky part of the installation, the miters. Once the top trim is up, install the legs one at a time, positioning each so that the miter is perfect. If you install the legs first, you'll have to fit the top trim on both miters simultaneously. Unless both miters are perfect and the legs perfectly parallel, you are bound to get gaps you can't close in your work.

Lay out out the reveal., The door trim is never flush with the edge of the jamb; typically it sits back from the edge by about 1/8th inch. The space, or reveal, leaves enough room for the hinge barrel and provides a margin of error if the jamb dips.

The frame on the prehung door is likely to have a layout line on it that marks the edge of the reveal. If you work on an unmarked door frame, set a combination square to 1/8 inch, and guide it and a pencil along the frame. Mark the reveal on both sides and above the door.

Measure and miter the top trim. First cut a 45-degree miter on one end of the top trim piece; hold it in place to mark the inside point of the second miter cut. Lay out the cut with a combination square, and cut it with a miter box.

Nail the top trim in place. To help position the trim, miter two scrap pieces of molding, and clamp them in place along the sides of the door frame. Cut and place the top trim and adjust as necessary to get a tight miter. Nail the top trim into the jamb. Leave at least 1/8 inch of the nails exposed in case you need to adjust the piece later. Use #6 finishing nails for the jabs and #8 finishing nails through the trim and into the studs.

Miter the legs. Mitering a piece to fit can be tricky. Make it easy on yourself by mitering the legs before you square them off. Then place the legs against the frame so they are upside down. This leaves the miter on the floor and the fulll length of the trim extending toward the ceiling. Mark where the tiop trim touches the leg and cut the leg quare at the mark.

Nail the legs to the door frame. Start at the top, holding the leg so the miter closes tightly, and drive a #6 finishing nail through it and into the jamb. Work down the leg, flexing it if necessary so that it aligns with the line that marks the framing behind the wall. Repeat on the opposite leg, and then set all the nails. To keep the corners tight, predrill and drive a #6 finishing nail at an angle up through the edge of the leg, through the miter, and into the header molding.

For professional mortgage help with lowering mortgages, extending your loan maturity date(s), getting Home Savers Loans, home improvement instructions and tips, please visit http://hstrial-oswingrant.homestead.com

Cb44 Bolted To 4 X 4 Wood Post

Tuscan Architecture

Tuscan architecture combines modern and classic elements that make up pure Old World Europe. The beauty of architecture Tuscan style comes from the typical custom crafted natural stone. This includes limestone, travertine and marble. Terracotta floor and roof tiles are often used to give the antique feel. In Tuscan architecture, wooden beams are often refurbished from Tuscan farmhouses.

Tuscany architecture involves fine Italian building materials that create beautiful marble fireplaces, wrought iron gates and amazing fountains.

Integrating Tuscan elements brings a sense of Old-World charm and mystique to indoor and outdoor aspects of your home.

Exterior architecture typically include:

Tile roof Wrought iron front door entrance Walls covered with vines Crumbling stone walls that outline patios and walkways Beautiful travertine cobblestone driveways Brick or stone set garden paving Tuscan Landscape : Lavender, rosemary and sage can be found surrounding a Tuscan style home. Old lemon pots and antique jars give the feel of a Tuscany garden .

Interior architecture typically include:

Walls: Plaster walls with hand painted wall treatments. Usage of warm colors that represent the rolling hills of Tuscany bring the feel of basking under the Tuscan sun! Mediterranean decor involves subtle earth tones. These are standard in French Country decorating.

Ceilings: Textured richly. Stenciled borders can be found along the ceilings. Paneled or vaulted ceilings are a typical choice in decor as it creates pure Tuscany architectural framework. Wooden or chestnut beams provide a rustic feel to the Old World style home.

Floor: Glass, stone and tile are often used to create amazing mosaic art for flooring, which works well with table tops. Terracotta tiles, marble and ceramic flooring marks true Tuscany home decor . Selection of marbles that blend nicely with your Tuscan color palette.

Tuscany architecture uses pale travertine in home flooring. Marble Chips, stucco and crushed stone are polished nicely creating terrazo floors.

Your home can be so beautiful when choosing architecture Tuscan style!

Patrice D. Walker is an Architect student who specializes in Tuscan Decorating. Visit: http://www.Tuscan-Home-101.com/tuscan_decor.html for more Tuscan interior design tips and information.

Cast Iron Pipe In Top Plates

Why Doesn't the Housing Industry Use Solar Panels When Building Homes?

A prominent Southern California Realtor has asked that her congress person tell her why the Housing Industry during the last run-up did not put in more solar? So, the Online Think Tank decided to answer her direct question:

Why doesn't the housing industry use solar panels when building a home?

This was a huge topic in "Building Industry News" magazine for a good nine months at the top of the bubble. The reason as stated is because putting solar panels on the home raised the price of the home some $30,000 minimum. It also increased liability for major builders, with all the lawsuits housing developers set up shell corporations that they close as soon if not right before the final home is built, this prevents class action lawsuits.

Even adding $1500 worth of insulation or a better fitting door or $3,000 for double pained windows was not done, this saves $1,000s per year on energy bills. The reason for that as stated is because raising the price of the homes an extra $3,000 means some folks would not qualify for the low or no-down financing. In hindsight, well obviously many of these folks had no business buying a home at all. They could not even buy a $1,400 chicken coup for cash, and yet they were sold homes for $250,000 to $450,000 with no money down, marginal credit and questionable statements on their loan application forms. But, I need not tell you this, more of an education for others reading this.

Solar Panels make sense, make what you can, when you are not using it, "grid bank" it selling it back to the grid allowing your electric meter to run backwards, everyone wins, no need to worry about capacity in power lines for demand and on hot days it helps prevent brown and rolling blackouts due to high usage from air-conditioners.

Now then, certainly the developers and builders of new housing tracts could have done this and their economies of scale would have fostered new innovation, research and free-enterprise would have filled in all the blanks and lowered the cost, it was a great time for that opportunity, which is gone now. Our Online Think Tank discussed this at length during the run up to the bubble pop. The real estate lady of course is preaching to the choir of course, but those are the arguments and debate points on that topic.

"Lance Winslow" - Online Think Tank forum board. If you have innovative thoughts and unique perspectives, come think with Lance; http://www.WorldThinkTank.net/. Lance is a guest writer for Our Spokane Magazine in Spokane, Washington

Four Great Home Improvement Projects - Decks, Patios, and More

Expanding your living space by adding exterior structures is not only a smart way to add value to your home, but value to the quality of your outdoor life. There are many types of structures to choose from and virtually something for every type of yard and design aesthetic. Deciding whether to build a deck, patio, sunroom, pergola, covered patio, or screenroom is the first decision the homeowner needs to consider. The benefits of each of these structures are numerous, and any one of these structures will add value to your property.

1. Decks - These relatively uncomplicated structures are one of the most popular exterior additions. Decks can be made of treated lumber or composite decking material, which comes in a wide variety of colors and textures. The addition of a deck, like any other exterior living space structure, alters the exterior of the home and should be carefully planned to incorporate the style of the home. Consideration for the site of the deck should be given to take advantage of all outdoor conditions in order for the homeowner to spend time outdoors in the conditions they prefer.

2. Sunrooms - Another great way to extend living space with year round comfort, sunrooms can include heating and cooling, lighting, ceiling fans, tile flooring, and energy efficient windows. The addition of a customized sunroom adds light, gives the home a more spacious look and adds tremendous value to the home. Sunrooms blend with any style of home while bringing added visual esthetics to both the interior and exterior of the home. Customizing a sunroom to match exterior siding such as Hardie siding is easy and affordable. If an existing sunroom needs replacement windows for more energy efficiency, consider that cost as added overall value to the home.

3. Pergolas - Also referred to as arbors or shade covers, pergolas are a beautiful addition to any home. A pergola can either stand-alone or be attached to an existing structure and can be made of wood or termite resistant metal. Pergolas provide dappled shade and can serve as a trellis for climbing vines. Pergolas can transform a yard and landscape by adding elegant style to the backyard. Freestanding arbors can also play an important part in great garden design and can lead from one garden area to another.

4. Screenrooms - Screenrooms are making a comeback from the first half of the century, when virtually every home had an attached screenroom. They are a great way to add living space to the back or side of your home. Screenrooms allow for enjoyment of the outdoors in shaded comfort while staying free of insects and pests. Screenrooms are simple, economical, and can even be built using an existing patio or deck! Patio covers are another great option for expanding outdoor living space and staying out of direct exposure to the sun.

Home improvements, whether adding a carport, replacement windows for energy efficiency, Hardie plank or siding for a long lasting exterior, or upgrading exterior paint will all add great value to your home. Whether you are adding a carport to protect an extra car or boat or adding outdoor living space by building a deck, sunroom, pergola, arbor, screen room or covered patio, these structures are sure to add to the enjoyment of your home.

Chris Robertson is an author of Majon International, one of the worlds MOST popular internet marketing companies on the web. Learn more about Decks, Patios, and More

Checking The Level Floor Framing

Decorate Your Home with Rugs in Solid Colors or Unique Shapes

Now, more than ever, rugs come in a surprisingly wide range of designs and color combinations, as well as shapes. This can make finding the right rug an exciting quest. So, let's have some fun by looking at rugs in solid colors or distinctive shapes that often get overlooked by decorators and rug shoppers.

Rugs with a solid color or a unique shape are ideal for many situations. If you have a room with busy patterns in either the furniture or the wallpaper, you'll be better off to go with a solid color rug in a complementary shade. Depending on the elements of the room, a rug with a subtle color gradient (shifting from one color tone to another) might also work well.

You might be tempted to use a rug with a country look, such as a rooster or a strawberry vine, in the kitchen. Sure, it has a familiar feel and it's functional, but is that really the best type of rug to use if you have brushed steel appliances? Color is your best friend when it comes to decorating with rugs!

There are thousands of color choices available. Consider using single-color (no pattern) rugs for a shocking expression or bold statement. Use a contrasting solid color rug to draw attention to a focal point in the room, or to offset a dominant room color. For example, an all-white dining room might have a huge impact if a solid black area rug were used underneath the dining table.

Solid color rugs allow you to be versatile. Matching the colors in a room provides a continuous-flow effect. Complementing the dominant hues can produce a satisfying artistic look. Whatever your decorating style, a solid color rug can enhance it! And, since so many people use patterned rugs, imagine how striking your simple, straightforward solid rug will be!

It's easy to sit back and think of rugs in a rectangular shape. After all, isn't that the most common shape you see at the home improvement stores or in your friend's homes? To paraphrase a popular expression, let's all "Decorate outside the rectangle!" Decorating with shape adds a whole new dimension (literally).

Consider a round or hexagonal rug in the foyer or entryway if you have a large home. A rectangular rug would probably do the job just fine, but a rug chosen for its shape lets you make more of a statement. A half-round rug looks great in front of your kitchen sink, plus, it provides you with a comfortable place to stand.

Whether you're adding a finishing touch to your home or trying to get the right look for a certain room, a rug with a unique shape might be just what you need. Rounds, hexagons, true squares, and irregular shapes can make for dramatic results. Your guests will be impressed. A unique rug can even perk up the allure of a room.

Almost every type of rug is available in non-standard shapes. So, if you just gotta have that luscious crimson and black modern rug in a round shape, go for it! With the extensive choices you have, you'll probably be able to find exactly what you want.

We hope this article has enhanced your overall awareness of rugs that often get overlooked. As you finish reading this article, ask yourself if you have the type of dcor that deserves to break away from traditional designs or the familiar rectangular shape. It's good to know that the wonderful world of rugs offers so many possibilities. And, many of them are just right for your home!

AnnaRae Mills is wild about rugs! She has a goldmine of tips and information to share with you. Decorating ideas, shopping tips, and much more. Find out how to pick the right rugs for your home. See pics of all rug types at http://www.Area-Rug-Tips.com

If You're Selling Your Home, Read This Now

One of the most important things to remember when selling your home is to keep it as clean as possible. If you need help or don't have the time to organize your stuff, you can hire a home staging professional in your area. Ask your real estate professional for more information.

1. Remove any clutter from the home and place it in storage. Do not store this stuff on the property if you don't have enough room. Storing clutter in closets or in your garage, will often make these areas look smaller. By removing clutter or even large pieces of furniture, the rooms will look larger.

2. Disconnect yourself emotionally from your home. This is a big problem for people who have lived in their house for long periods of time. If you've raised a family here, the children could have emotional ties also to the home. Some home sellers are looking for someone special to buy their home, if you've got the time and money to wait, you can be selective but be careful, because the longer you wait, the market could go up or down.

3. When your real estate professional is showing the house, it's always a good idea to leave the home until the potential homebuyers are gone. One example of this would be if you were in a bad mood or didn't have a good day and were a little upset at the world. Your mood could cause potential homebuyers to lose interest in the property. I've seen this more than once.

4. Make sure everything is operating properly. This would include doors, door knobs, windows, kitchen appliances, garage door openers, cabinet drawers, bathroom fixtures, toilets, faucets, lights, switches, electrical outlets and anything else that moves, slides, turns or rotates that is part of the home.

5. The Interior and exterior walls of the home should be in good shape. Make sure there's no termite damage, wood rot, peeling paint, broken windows or holes in the walls.

6. Make sure the flooring is in good shape. Some real estate professionals will suggest, replacing the carpeting with a neutral color. This method often works pretty good but I have seen plenty of homes that were re-carpeted and after the home was purchased the carpeting was replaced again, by the new owners. Just make sure the flooring is in good shape.

7. Here's a trick that definitely works a little magic when selling a home. Leave some cookies or a nice fruit bowl on the dining room table. There is no need to leave a sign that says "Eat Me". It gives the home a warm feeling, almost like a country atmosphere.

8. Even better than home selling tip number seven would be baking some cookies just before the perspective buyers arrive, it's not the cookies, it's the smell from the cookies that most people cannot resist.

These are just a few home selling tips but the most important is to keep the inside and outside of the home clean.

Greg Vanden Berge is working on the internet to promote the education for creating simple to follow guides and home building books to help professional building contractors as well as the weekend warriors. He has just finished a home buyers guide to take some of the frustration out of home shopping

Don't buyers sell a home without checking how the problems with poor home repairs

Wood Beam Repairs